Barcelona | The Observatory of Economic Complexity

Barcelona

Province in Catalonia, Autonomous Community in Spain

2023
Economic
Complexity 0.13Rank 4 of 49

Jan 2024
Trade
Exports | Imports €5.92B | €6.67B1 of 53 | 2 of 53

Jan 2024
Country
Destination | Origin France | Germany €922M | €1.01B

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Latest Trends
Historical Data
Economic Complexity

About

Overview This page contains the latest international trade data for Barcelona. In January 2024 Barcelona was the number 1 in total exports and the number 2 in total imports in Spain.

Exports In 2023, Spain's Barcelona exported €73.8B, making it the 1st largest exporter out of the 52 exporters in Spain. In 2023 the top exports of Barcelona were Medicaments nes, in dosage (€5.02B), Micro Cars (€3.18B), Perfumes and toilet waters (€2.18B), Lactams other than 6-hexanelactam (€2.08B), and Other Motor vehicle parts (€2.06B).

Imports In 2023, Spain's Barcelona imported €88.1B, making it the 2nd largest importer out of the 52 importers in Spain. In 2023 top imports of Barcelona were Electric motor Vehicles (€3.37B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€2.81B), Medicaments nes, in dosage (€2.53B), Medium Diesel Cars (€1.43B), and Small Sized Cars (€1.31B).

Economic Complexity In 2023, the highest complexity exports of Barcelona according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Scent Sprays (1.36), Carboxyimide Compounds (1.25), Amino-resins (1.21), Aldehydes (1.14), Motor-working Tools (1.06), Cars (0.96), Antibiotics (0.92), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (0.85), Felt (0.69), and Railway Track Fixtures (0.67). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

Latest Trends

January, 2024

About

Overview In January 2024 Barcelona exported €5.92B and imported €6.67B, resulting in a negative trade balance of €754M. Between January 2023 and January 2024 the exports of Barcelona have decreased by $-363M (-5.77%) from €6.28B to €5.92B, while imports decreased by €-700M (-9.5%) from €7.37B to €6.67B.

Trade In January 2024, the top exports of Barcelona were Cars (€856M), Packaged Medicaments (€493M), Perfumes (€231M), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701... (€197M), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures (€137M). In January 2024 the top imports of Barcelona were Cars (€672M), Packaged Medicaments (€250M), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories (8701... (€236M), Sulfonamides (€167M), and Vaccines, blood, antisera, toxins and cultures (€143M).

Destinations In January 2024, Barcelona exported mostly to France (€922M), Germany (€719M), Italy (€593M), Portugal (€386M), and Switzerland (€340M), and imported mostly from Germany (€1.01B), China (€958M), France (€581M), Italy (€558M), and United States (€313M).

Growth In January 2024, the decrease in Barcelona's year-by-year exports was explained primarily by an decrease in exports to Algeria (€-48M or -94.7%), Russia (€-23.6M or -58.1%), and Libya (€-17.7M or -71.8%), and product exports decrease in Packaged Medicaments (€-25.7M or -5.94%), Glands and Other Organs (€-24.9M or -43.3%), and Vinyl Chloride Polymers (€-16.9M or -57%). In January 2024, the decrease in Barcelona's year-by-year imports was explained primarily by an decrease in imports from Turkey (€-36.4M or -19.2%), Rest of the world (€-26.8M or -11.6%), and South Korea (€-18.2M or -29%), and product imports decrease in Laboratory Reagents (€-51.2M or -57%), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (€-33.2M or -20.9%), and Coated Flat-Rolled Iron (€-32M or -50.6%).

Latest Data

Time Scale

Year

Quarter

Month

Flow

Exports

Imports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

Product

EXPORT GROWTH (January 2023 - January 2024)€-363M(-5.77%)

IMPORT GROWTH (January 2023 - January 2024)€-700M(-9.5%)

This section shows exports and imports data at subnational level for Barcelona. Click any date in the line plot, any subnational region in the geomap, or any product, destination or origin country to explore the exports or imports behavior of Barcelona over time.

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Historical Data

Yearly Exports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Year

Top Destination (2023)France€12.5B

Top Product (2023)Medicaments nes, in dosage€5.02B

In 2023 the top export destinations of Barcelona were France (€12.5B), Germany (€8.49B), Italy (€7.21B), Portugal (€4.77B), and Switzerland (€4.19B).

In 2023 the top exports of Barcelona were Medicaments nes, in dosage (€5.02B), Micro Cars (€3.18B), Perfumes and toilet waters (€2.18B), Lactams other than 6-hexanelactam (€2.08B), and Other Motor vehicle parts (€2.06B).

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Exports Dynamics

Starting Date

Ending Date

Fastest Growing Exports Destination (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

United Kingdom €96.7M (44.8%)

Germany €92.4M (14.7%)

Mexico €53M (47.2%)

Rapidly Declining Export Origins (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

Italy -€179M (-23.2%)

Panama -€127M (-90.7%)

France -€90.6M (-8.95%)

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Yearly Imports

Color

Trade Value

Growth

Growth (%)

Depth

HS2

HS4

HS6

Year

Top Origin (2023)China€12.8B

Top Import (2023)Electric motor Vehicles€3.37B

In 2023 the top import origins of Barcelona were China (€12.8B), Germany (€12.7B), France (€7.53B), Italy (€7.35B), and Netherlands (€3.88B).

In 2023 the top imports of Barcelona were Electric motor Vehicles (€3.37B), Light petroleum distillates nes (€2.81B), Medicaments nes, in dosage (€2.53B), Medium Diesel Cars (€1.43B), and Small Sized Cars (€1.31B).

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Imports Dynamics

Starting Date

Ending Date

Fastest Growing Import Origins (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

United States €39.7M (14.5%)

Germany €37.5M (3.85%)

Portugal €33.8M (30.6%)

Rapidly Declining Import Origins (Jan 2023 - Jan 2024)

China -€304M (-24.1%)

India -€76.2M (-37.4%)

Belgium -€75.1M (-30.9%)

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Economic Complexity

Economic Complexity of Barcelona

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Geomap

Treemap

Economic Complexity (2023)0.13

Barcelona ranks 4th out of the 52 provinces in Spain according to ECI.

The Economic Complexity Index, or ECI, is a measure of an economy’s capacity which can be inferred from data connecting locations to the activities that are present in them. For more info about Economic Complexity, visit the Economic Complexity page.

Estimated using exports data.

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Economic Complexity Ranking

Value

Ranking

Value

The economic complexity of a territory can change year to year. Barcelona it is in position 4th considering its ECI in the last year.

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Export Opportunities by Relatedness

The top export opportunities according to the relatedness level, without considering those products were Barcelona already has a comparative advantage, are led by Natural Cork Articles (0.4), Toilet Paper (0.4), Knit Men's Suits (0.4), Other live plants, cuttings and slips; mushroom... (0.39), and Non-Knit Men's Undergarments (0.39).

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Most Complex Products by PCI

The highest complexity exports of Barcelona according to the product complexity index (PCI) are Scent Sprays (1.36), Carboxyimide Compounds (1.25), Amino-resins (1.21), Aldehydes (1.14), Motor-working Tools (1.06), Cars (0.96), Antibiotics (0.92), Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds (0.85), Felt (0.69), and Railway Track Fixtures (0.67). PCI measures the knowledge intensity of a product by considering the knowledge intensity of its exporters.

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Most Specialized Products by RCA Index

The most specialized products according to the RCA index are led by Leather of Other Animals (43.55), Perfumes (30.24), Synthetic Tanning Extracts (20.59), Cigarette Paper (16.85), and Stranded Copper Wire (14.87).

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Product Space

RCA Filter

The product space is a network connecting products that are likely to be co-exported. The product space can be used to predict future exports, since Barcelona is more likely to start exporting products that are related to current exports. Relatedness measures the distance between a product, and all of the products it is currently specialized in.

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Relatedness Space

This network shows the products most related to the production structure of Barcelona. These are products that tend to be co-exported with the products that Barcelona exports. Higher relatedness values indicate greater knowledge, which predicts a greater probability of exporting that product in the future.

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Diversification Frontier

Depth

Section

HS2

HS4

Filter

All

RCA≤1

RCA>1

The Complexity-Relatedness diagram compares the risk and the strategic value of a territory's potential export oppotunities. Relatedness is a predictive of the probability that a country increases its exports in a product. Complexity, is associated with higher levels of income, economic growth, less income inequality, and lower emissions. Bubble size corresponds to exports value by year 2020.